http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1574-6976.12072/abstract

“Bacteria-phage coevolution, the reciprocal evolution between bacterial hosts and the phages that infect them, is an important driver of ecological and evolutionary processes in microbial communities. There is growing evidence from both laboratory and natural populations that coevolution can maintain phenotypic and genetic diversity, increase the rate of bacterial and phage evolution and divergence, affect community structure, and shape the evolution of ecologically relevant bacterial traits. Although the study of bacteria phage coevolution is still in its infancy, with open questions remaining about the specificity of the interaction, the gene networks of coevolving partners, and the relative importance of the coevolving interaction in complex communities and environments, there have been some intriguing recent developments. In this review we sum up our current understanding of bacteria-phage coevolution both in the laboratory and in nature, discuss recent findings that demonstrate both the coevolutionary process itself and the impact of coevolution on bacterial phenotype, diversity and interactions with other species, particularly their eukaryotic hosts, and outline future directions for the field.”

Results of a PubMed search for keywords of studies focused on host and parasite genomics (black dashed line) and bacteria and phage genomics (grey dashed line) versus host-parasite coevolution (black solid line) and bacteria-phage coevolution (grey solid line). Exact search terms were combinations of genom*, host, parasit*, bacter*, *phage, and coevol* linked with “and” functions. The results illustrate that while bacteria-phage systems pioneered the early genomic studies of host-parasite interactions, they have been notably under-represented in studies of coevolution.
Results of a PubMed search for keywords of studies focused on host and parasite genomics (black dashed line) and bacteria and phage genomics (grey dashed line) versus host-parasite coevolution (black solid line) and bacteria-phage coevolution (grey solid line). Exact search terms were combinations of genom*, host, parasit*, bacter*, *phage, and coevol* linked with “and” functions. The results illustrate that while bacteria-phage systems pioneered the early genomic studies of host-parasite interactions, they have been notably under-represented in studies of coevolution.

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